Epidural Steroid Injections

Overview

Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are a minimally invasive procedure used to relieve pain caused by inflamed spinal nerves. A corticosteroid — a powerful anti-inflammatory medication — is injected into the epidural space surrounding the spinal cord and nerve roots. This reduces swelling and irritation, providing significant pain relief that can last weeks to months.

Using fluoroscopic (X-ray) guidance, our physiatrist precisely positions a needle into the epidural space of the spine. A combination of a local anesthetic and corticosteroid is then injected. The steroid reduces inflammation around the affected nerve roots, while the anesthetic provides immediate temporary relief. The procedure typically takes 15–30 minutes and is performed in an outpatient setting.

1. 1Patient is positioned and the skin is cleaned and numbed with a local anesthetic
2. 2Fluoroscopic X-ray guidance is used to precisely place the needle
3. 3Contrast dye confirms correct needle placement in the epidural space
4. 4Corticosteroid and anesthetic solution is injected
5. 5Patient is monitored briefly before discharge

• Significant reduction in neck, back, arm, or leg pain
• Reduced inflammation around compressed nerve roots
• Improved ability to participate in physical therapy
• Avoidance or delay of surgical intervention
• Quick outpatient procedure with minimal downtime
• Relief that can last weeks to several months

Most patients can return to normal activities within 24 hours. Some soreness at the injection site is normal for 1–2 days. Pain relief typically begins within 3–7 days as the steroid takes effect. Results vary by individual — some patients experience relief after one injection, while others may benefit from a series of up to three injections spaced several weeks apart.

Frequently Asked Questions